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Sunday, November 28, 2010

Some other rules we can't follow ...

If we can only give an account of rule following in terms of intentionality, then we need to be able to associate a particular rule with an intentional state. Lets say that the 'rule of addition' is what someone is following when we agree with them that they are adding.

We can render a number as a rule by representing it as 'the number that ... ' etc. In order to be a proper example of a number we need to be able to do certain things with it - e.g. determine whether another (arbitrary) number is greater or smaller than it, determine the outcomes of using it in certain arithmetical contexts etc.

It seems likely that the paradoxical numbers pointed to by Cantor, Borel, Gödel and Chaitin aren't fully numerical in this sense. There are arithmetical operations we can't do on them. (Are they like 'incomplete concepts'?).

A number like this can't be fully represented in terms of intentionaly tractable rules, and if we can only avoid Kripkean chaos by rendering rules in terms of intentional states - attributable to interlocutors in a (necessarily playable) language game - then these numbers begin to soften in the mist, as the idea of an 'intentionaly intractable' rule begins to look analytically incoherent.

Maybe Gödel's paradoxes only arise when we assume that we can construct these rules. He has put together a set of rules that defines validity for the system within which they are (presumably) validly constructed. Maybe we can only imagine doing this if we can imagine a rule that is independent of an intentional state - that is prior to, rather than depending upon, the possibility of attributing such a state.

To be able to do computations based on Peano's axioms and the relevant logical transformations is to be able to unambiguously follow certain rules (i.e. is to be able to avoid Kripke's chaos). We cannot show that we have avoided ambiguity by applying some further rules which, mysteriously, avoid Kripke's problem ...

We have to be careful of specifying rules which we cannot fully state, and which cannot (therefore) be defined in terms of an attributable intentional state. We should be careful of saying 'there is some rule such that following it would have the consequence X'; and, of course, of saying 'there is some number such that ...', particularly when we know this rule, or this number cannot be stated. This is the case when a rule is meta-specified as the rule which must be followed in order to validly state rules (and to attribute rule following).

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