Emergence

Emergence is a process required to save a fundamental theory which 'must' be true but which cannot provide the explanations it promises.

It is an arbitrary device for avoiding counter-examples, and any theory which must resort to it is false.

I don't really know why this isn't obvious.

A tiger is not a bounded sub-space of some set of physical properties, however defined.  A tiger is a tiger even without it's whiskers, and sometimes without it's tail.  It may also be a tiger when it is the wrong colour, or has some deformity.  'Tiger' is not a complete concept (Waismann).  We haven't made up our minds yet about all the things that might count as tigers.

Well.  It's late ...